Fortunately, the advancement of science and technology have made it possible to carry out medical research that facilitates the knowledge of the human body. In such a way that pathologies are revealed and some type of treatment to prevent or cure can be considered. Thus, the otologist is dedicated to studying the morphology of the ear, managing to detect and correct diseases, improving the quality of life of the patient.
In this way, this subspecialty of the branch of otorhinolaryngology, leaves areas such as the pharynx, oral cavity, nose, neck and face in reserve. Seeking to focus on good listening and balance. Also covering any pathophysiology related to this important organ, which includes, among many others, hearing loss, infections and congenital alterations.1
For this, it has tools that are not limited to the otoscope, since it explores beyond the ear canal. Thus, audiometry, tympanometry, acoustic reflex test and tuning fork examination are part of the medical arsenal used to examine the interior of the auditory cavity and determine any type of alteration.1
Above all, because deafness, hypersensitivity to sounds, infections and tumors can originate as a result of trauma or an injury that is difficult to identify with the naked eye. Likewise, otitis, tinnitus, otosclerosis or Ménière’s disease require more detailed diagnostic tests and a specialized evolution, where the otologist is indicated.2
In this way, we see that, in the face of recurring problems in the inner, middle or outer ear, as well as when there is damage to the eardrum, the role of the otologist is paramount. Especially because outside of having extensive management in conventional drug treatments, it also uses advanced techniques with cochlear and osseointegrated implants. 2
At the same time, this trained health professional, according to the clinical picture of the patient, puts his knowledge into practice. Opting for the option of reconstructive surgery; like stapedectomy; to correct otosclerosis or skull base surgery to remove tumors in the ears. Looking in any case the welfare of the individual.3
“Advances in science allow medical specialties to have at their disposal new tools to improve diagnosis and treatment“
It is there, where we find that otology can have equipment with laser technology, which allows reducing complications in surgical procedures. Likewise, miniature microscopes, more malleable materials and new diagnostic tests are being developed; such as diffusion MRI; in order to make a more accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.3
Hence, by highlighting the work of the otologist in favor of hearing health, we run the risk of falling short. Above all, because in their research work they have come to study the implications that may arise from interconnecting the brain or the nervous system to the ears. Discovering, through otoneurology, that autoimmune diseases and cranial disorders can arise that can also become a two-way affectation (cause and effect).
References:
1.Medlineplus. Hearing tests for adults. [ internet] March 2021 [consultado 21 sep. 2021]. Available in: https://medlineplus.gov/english/lab-tests/hearing-tests-for-adults/.
2.Campos Navarro Luz Arcelia, Barrón Soto Mario, Fajardo Dolci Germán. Acute and chronic otitis media, a common and preventable disease. Rev. Fac. Med. (Mex.) [revista en la Internet]. 2014 Feb [citado 2021 Sep. 21]; 57 (1): 5-14. Available in: http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0026-17422014000100002&lng=es.
3.Dr. Francisco Antoli. Advances in middle ear surgeries. Dicc. Medic, Topdoctors. [internet 2005 [ consultado 21 sep. 2021] Available in: https://www.topdoctors.es/articulos-medicos/avances-en-las-cirugias-de-oido-medio