Early diagnosis and treatment are the keys to avoiding future complications
Strabismus is the deviation of the alignment of one eye with respect to another. This prevents fixing the gaze of both eyes to the same point in space, causing incorrect binocular vision. The most frequent is the so-called convergent strabismus in which the child puts his eye inward. This condition affects 3 to 5% of children and its cause is genetic.
The main feature of this problem is the deviation of one eye. Eye movements are normal, but the deviation remains, regardless of where the child looks. It appears especially in children under 3 years; from this age it is rarer. Timely treatment is very important because, in addition to being an aesthetic problem, if not treated quickly it can lead to amblyopia (also called lazy eye).
Symptoms
– In congenital or infantile strabismus, which occurs in children younger than 6 months, the deviation can be very important, and if it affects both eyes it seems that the little one crosses the gaze.
– In the children who are between 2 and 3 years old, the deviation is due to a visual acuity defect. This type of squint may or may not be permanent, and is noticeable only if the child is tired or ill.
Solutions
Depending on the cause of the deviation, strabismus can be treated with surgery, optical lenses or prisms, patches, or eye exercises. Through these methods, we seek to improve vision and avoid amblyopia. Surgery is generally only resorted to ultimately, when amblyopic eye vision has been restored and stabilized. It is used to strengthen some muscles of the eyes and weaken others. In this way, alignment is achieved, but it is more an aesthetic measure.
Strabismus surgery is a safe procedure, although it can have risks as in all operations. Normally more than one intervention is needed to get the perfect alignment. And, in spite of everything, the most frequent thing is that the little one has to wear glasses all his life.
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