Problems with the development of stem cells found in the center of the large bones of the body seriously compromise health. Especially because that is where there is a large production of blood cells that carry oxygen, help fight infections and promote blood clotting. Therefore, bone marrow transplantation seeks to replace these damaged tissues with healthy units from the same body or from a donor.
In fact, the awareness-raising work carried out by the health services has caused the donation of this tissue to increase in recent years. However, find a compatible donor; so that rejection or side effects are not generated; it is a real challenge for healthcare professionals.
Therefore, it is necessary to study the histocompatibility characteristics of the donor and confront their health status. Since, a person with alterations in blood pressure, diabetes, heart problems or low platelet count. Like, that one that presents some infection, tumor disease, ocular inflammation or some risk factor; such as AIDS, drug addiction or alcoholism; they are not suitable for any kind of donation.1
Bone marrow transplantation seeks to improve health
It is like that, as in cases of cancer; myeloma or lymphoma; An autologous transplant can be given, with stem cells from the individual’s own body. Which have been extracted before chemotherapy treatment. In such a way, they enter the body again, helping the immune system to recover, produce new blood cells and fight infections. 1
Likewise, if it is not feasible to rescue the individual’s own stem cells, it is possible to perform an allogeneic transplant. Where a compatible donor; that it is generally part of the family because it coincides in a high percentage with the leukocyte antigen; offers stem cells to be delivered to the patient after a radiofrequency or chemotherapy procedure.1
Replace damaged tissue with healthy cells
Therefore, bone marrow transplantation is indicated to replace cells damaged as a result of treatments aimed at fighting cancer. Since, radiation can kill corroded epithelial tissue, but also areas where metastasis has not yet been generated. This is how this procedure helps to regenerate and contribute to the fight against the disease.2
Similarly, this technique despite possible complications; rejection, infections, or organ damage; seeks to replace stem cells that have been damaged by various diseases. Whether they are cancerous or benign; such as leukemia, aplastic anemia, metabolic congenital errors or immunodeficiencies, among others; that limit the well-being and personal development of the individual. 2
As we see the bone marrow transplant, it becomes a cutting-edge procedure, which contributes to improving the quality of life of people who have a blood cell problem. It is also an incentive for those patients who suffer from some type of cancer. Because, in this way, it is possible to help the body deal with cancer cells and replace them with healthy cells, increasing the chances of a successful recovery.
References:
- Mato Matute M. Eugenia. Stem cells: a new concept of regenerative medicine. Rev. Cubana Endocrinol [Internet]. 2004 Aug [citado 2021 Jun 03]; 15 (2). Available in:
http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1561-29532004000200007&lng=es.
- Sandra Torrades. Stem cell research. Offarm. [internet] March 2003 [ consultado 3 junio 2021]; 22 (3): 90-94. Available in: https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-offarm-4-articulo-la-investigacion-con-celulas-madre-13044455.