A study by the Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia (IAA-CSIC) suggests that many of the black holes discovered by man are really camouflaged starswhich could change the way astronomers study them.
The research is based on the different sizes of the neutron stars and their theoretical density limitknown as Buchdahl’s limit.
According to the report posted on the website of Xatakaneutron stars can have densities millions of times that of white dwarfs, which have densities between 10,000 and 10,000,000 times that of our Sun, at about 1.4 grams per cubic centimeter.
If small stars end up forming white dwarfs, the largest end up forming neutron stars or even black holes.
General relativity and vacuum polarization
Julio Arrechea, IAA-CSIC researcher and co-author of the study, explained: “General relativity predicts the existence of a limit (Buchdalh Limit) to how compact a star can be.”.
“A) Yes, any object that exceeds this limit must be a black hole, since for such compact objects there is no known material structure that can support its own gravity”, added the expert.
The investigationpublished in the journal Scientific Reporte, argues for a new scenario for science: adding a component of electromagnetism to this relativistic physics: vacuum polarization.
This component suggests moving from the infinitely dense to zero density, that is, the void. For the universe, the vacuum represents virtual particles, arising from quantum fields.
The theory states that they are pairs of particles and antiparticles that appear from “nothing” and annihilate in fractions of a second. When these arise from the electromagnetic field, they take the form of electron and positron, which support the idea of the study.
The polarization of the vacuum is that virtual particles leave their mark on the environment, but in the case of electrons and positrons, their mark is seen in the distribution of charges in the environment, which in turn acts as a source of gravity in the environment. star environment.
This source is called semiclassical matter and would have different physical properties than conventional matter, which makes it possible harbor negative energies and involve compact stars with a density beyond the Buchdahl limit, i.e. black holes.