For centuries, dozens of brilliant minds of women They were silenced by their gender condition. However, many of the great discoveries of science were and are the work of these GREAT women scientists.
GALLERY: 8 Women Scientists You Should Know
Marie Curie
The first of these GREAT women scientists was a Polish scientist, graduate in physics and mathematics. Maria Salomea Skłodowska (Curie after marrying Pierre Curie) was pioneer in the field of radiation study. Thanks to his research, he discovered two new elements: radium and polonium. Marie Curie became the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize, Specifically Physics. But everything does not end there, because years later he would get this award for the second time, although in this case, in Chemistry. That’s how it happened to beFirst person in history to win two Nobel Prizes of different modalities.
Alice Ball
Alice Ball was a chemistry that stood out for developing the most effective treatment to combat leprosy until the 1940s (when the first antibiotics appeared). Until Ball’s discovery, imprisonment and isolation of lepers was his entire system. Given this, Ball developed an effective extract of injectable oil that allowed the sick to leave their seclusion and recover their lives.
Katherine Johnson, Dorothy Vaughan and Mary Jackson
These three Afro-American women made possible, in the shadows, one of the most notorious events of humanity, the arrival of man on the moon. These women worked as mathematics in the years of racial discrimination US legalized. His impeccable calculations made it the success of the first American to orbit the Earth, and that the name of Neil Armstrong is so well recognized today. Their contributions have served the entire community for years space-scientist.
Valentina Tereshkova
Was the first female astronaut in history. Tereshkova made her space trip on June 16, 1963, aboard the Vostok-6 spacecraft and under the alias “Seagull” for the mission. She also broke another record, as she made 48 complete orbits of the Earth.
Lise Meitner
Swedish physicist of Austrian origin and true author of the discovery of nuclear fission. His research partner, Otto Hahn instead received the Nobel Prize for his discovery (1944). Meitner, given his Jewish status, had to flee Germany and communicate with Hahn through letters. One day Meitner discovered the energy that was released with separation of the nucleus of an atom and informed his collaborator. However, Lise Meitner never wanted to go back to Germany and Hahn received the award.
elizabeth blackburn
This Australian biochemist was the discoverer of telomerasean enzyme that is capable of lengthening telomeres (the ends of chromosomes) and giving cells extra life.
This discovery is still being studied by researchers in the age-related diseases, like cancer, since tumor cells are the only ones capable of activating telomerase to become immoral. Findings related to telomerase, therefore, today they represent an important target of study in cancer therapies.
This discovery earned Blackburn the Nobel Prize in Medicineto in the year 2009.
Janes Goodall
Born in London in 1934, she had serious problems in training due to her economic limitations, but finally was able to get a doctorate in ethology and travel to Tanzania to observe primate communities. His scientific work has been a reference for generations of biologists and primatologists, although it has also been the object of harsh criticism for its methodology, since it did not strictly conform to the scientific method.
Emmy Noether
Was one of the most outstanding mathematicians of the 20th century. She is considered the “mother of abstract algebra” thanks to her contributions in the field of algebra (where she developed the theory of ideals in commutative rings) and topology that significantly marked the path that contemporary mathematics would follow. Like so many women in the past, Noether he was barred from holding a position of responsibility at the university for the sole reason of to be a woman. In the almost 30 years that he dedicated himself to research, he never received a living wage.
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